Crohn's Disease

Types of Crohn’s Disease

There are 5 types of Crohn's Disease based on the gastrointestinal area affected. The lesions due to Crohn’s disease may appear in any part of the alimentary canal from the mouth to the anus.

Gastroduodenal Crohn’s Disease:
The type of Crohn’s Disease which affects the stomach and duodenum (the starting portion of the small intestine) is called gastroduodenal Crohn’s disease. Often, a correct diagnosis of GCD is not made until all options to treat an ulcer fail, or GCD is identified farther down the gastrointestinal tract. Symptoms of GCD consist of loss of weight and appetite, nausea, pain in the upper middle part of the abdomen and vomiting.

Ileitis:
Crohn’s disease affecting the lowest or last part of the small intestine (i.e., ileum) is called ileitis. The symptoms of ileitis Crohn’s include: cramping or pain in the right lower quadrant and periumbilical area after meals, malabsorption of vitamin B12 leading to tingling of fingers or toes, and folate deficiency hindering the development of red blood cells making the patient anemic.Complications may lead to fistulas or inflammatory abscess in right lower quadrant of abdomen (3).

Illeocolitis:
Illeocolitis is one of the more common types of Crohn’s disease and affects the lowest part of small intestine (ileum) and the large intestine (colon). Generally, the affected portion of the colon is continuous with the diseased portion of ileum involving the ileocecal valve between the ileum and the colon. In some cases, discontinuous inflammation in the colon with ileum may be observed. Symptoms are essentially the same as in ileitis with the addition of weight loss.

Crohn's Colitis (Granulomatous Colitis):
Crohn’s disease affecting the colon is called Crohn’s Colitis or Granulomatous Colitis. It differs from ulcerative colitis in two ways:

Ulcerative colitis is always continuous whereas in Crohn’s colitis, areas of healthy tissue are interspersed between areas of diseased tissue.

Ulcerative colitis always affects the rectum and areas of colon beyond rectum, whereas Crohn’s colitis appears only in the colon.
Diarrhea, rectal bleeding and disease around the anus (such as abscess, fistulas and ulcers) are the symptoms of this type. Skin lesions and joint pains are common in this type (CCFA).

Article by Kona Vishnu, MS
Medical Writer,
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